Musings on Torture
The word “torture” is considered by many as an evil. The verb “to torture” does not automatically make those acts of torture evil. The question “Is torture evil?” can not be answered with a “yes” or “no”. Simply, it is pain inflicted on one’s spiritual, mental, emotional, or physical wellbeing. “Torture”, torturing” need to be evaluated first in its relationship to God. God is all truth, all good, all justice, all loving, etc. Where did torture begin? Surely before Adam was created! God created the angels before Adam. He created them as immaterial beings with immortal souls in His image and likeness to know, love and serve Him and only Him. He gave each angel a free will. He did the same for humans but He embedded our immortal souls within an earthly mortal body. Angels and humans have a relationship to God as servants, under specific orders to do good and avoid evil. Whether a good or evil deed is performed there are consequences – good and evil. Doers of good deeds merit rewards. Doers of evil deeds merit punishment. Why punish an evil doer? God’s being all just demands it as atonement. God sent His only Son, as a God-man, to atone for the sin of Adam who suffered and died in atonement. God created hell as an eternal torture chamber, first for those angels who refused to do God’s will. Yet these evil angels, headed by Archangel Lucifer, were allowed by God to continue influencing other angels and eventually humans into temptation to do evil deeds. On the other hand, good angels continue to guide us in doing no evil, along with the promptings of the Holy Spirit. So “torture” started with God for punishing evil angels. How can God be truly God if His Justice isn’t used? If Justice isn’t used then do-gooders and evil doers are treated equally. God has no contradictions. The act of God inflicting pain on evil doers is a good act. In the “Diary of Saint Maria Faustina Kowalska”, (published in 2004 by The National Shrine of Divine Mercy, Eden Hill, Stockbridge, MA), the tortures of hell are described:
| loss of God |
| perpetual remorse of conscience |
| awareness that one’s condition will never change |
| fire that will penetrate the soul without destroying it — a purely spiritual fire |
| continual darkness, and a terrible suffocating smell, |
| the devils and the souls of the damned see each other and all the evil, |
| the constant company of Satan |
| horrible despair, hatred of God, vile words, curses and blasphemies |
| undergoes terrible and indescribable sufferings, related to how it has sinned |
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Very gruesome don’t you think? God’s choice of torture is His prerogative, therefore just. However another attribute of God is His Divine Mercy, which St. Faustina elaborated on in her diaries. A great example of granting mercy to a very evil person occurred on Good Friday. One of the thieves, being crucified with Jesus by the Romans, spoke to Jesus. He said to Jesus, he believed Jesus was innocent and confessed he was guilty and subject to the torture of crucifixion. He asked Jesus for mercy when he asked Jesus to remember him when Jesus came into His kingdom. Jesus responded by promising this thief that he will be in Paradise that day. This thief trusted in Jesus, escaped the tortures of hell and ended up in the kingdom of God for eternity.
Human souls were created by God in His image and likeness which gives us the attributes of God but in an imperfect way. We are children of God and heirs of His kingdom. We received free will along with a list of do’s and don’ts which comprises the natural law for us to obey under pain of punishment by God and loss of our inheritance in His kingdom. Our souls are subject to promptings to do good or evil deeds. Our lives are sometimes like a mine field where we need to avoid a misstep that merits punishment. We have a conscience installed by God in our soul to guide us in our actions. Good actions produce elation. Evil actions produce shame. Not all of our evil actions merit eternal torture. God did create another torture chamber called purgatory. Souls are purged through fire and remorse for their “misdemeanors” before “seeing” God. Every soul has true hope that his torture is temporary and not eternal. They willingly accept their torture because they know they deserve punishment for offending God whom they all love.
When each person is conceived, God creates their soul which is ‘embedded’ in their body. There is no person where there is no soul. Each of us is a child of God and a child of their natural parents. Each of us is subject to the laws of God and parents. Pain for us starts early. We suffer the pains of pregnancy and birth. Some of our pain is inflicted on us because of parental lifestyle or medical treatment. The soul feels all pain in the womb though the person is not consciously aware. At birth we enter the world of pain, punishment and torture. Similar to God, parents make the rules of behavior after our birth. Obeying rules merit parental reward and disobeying rules merit parental punishment. Parents have a natural right to reward or punish. When does inflicting pain become an evil action? The spiritual, mental, emotional and physical well being of the person can be inflicted by pain from parents, by himself and others.
When is inflicting pain a good act? Obviously God’s inflictions of pain were good acts. Jesus suffered pain as atonement for the sins of humans against His Father. Jesus inflicted pain on Himself when He fasted for 40 days in the desert to prepare Himself for beginning His mission of atonement and redemption. Early in our life we start to inflict pain on ourselves in atonement for an offense against ourselves or others. God, at the same time, inflicts pains of shame spiritually through our conscience. So we have God, our parents and ourselves rightfully inflicting pain. Then society, including schools, local, state and national plus military inflicting pain whenever they think it is the right action. If all of these earthly inflictors of pain were just, all “torture” would be justified. However I, parents and others often inflict pain unjustly. We have no common standards of letting the “punishment fit the crime”. Where the pain is inflicted as a good act this same pain is an evil act when it is unjust.
Clearly “justification” determines whether inflicting pain is good or evil. Are there pains, which are inflicted, always good or evil? Judging from the history of God’s actions, none of His acts of torture were evil. We humans can unjustly inflict pain (torture) on ourselves, on other humans, on Jesus Christ and on animals. Injustice is the crime of disregarding rules of behavior from authorized authorities. Each person has a judgment function as a natural part of their conscience. Rules of behavior are ‘hard-wired’ by God and our conscience internally notifies us if an action to be taken is ‘good’ or ‘bad’. Then we exercise our justifying function to determine if the action to be taken is justified. We then choose, using our free will, to do evil or not. Then our conscience notifies us of God’s approval or disapproval through creating feelings of joy or shame. In our personal lives we inflict pain on ourselves to combat a disease, crimes of self-gratification, including food, drink, smoking, sex, drugs, arrogance, pomposity, hard-heartedness, soft-heartedness, etc. To cure ourselves from these unjust acts we need to inflict pain on our self by dieting, abstaining, detoxing, humbling, and practicing just love. Most people have difficulty in doing this suffering, yet we usually understand the justice in doing it. The word crime is appropriate when we enjoy over-doing, inspite of our conscience’s disapproval. We relish over-doing for the self pleasure we get even though we are inflicting pain on our humanity. These are evil acts of varying degrees of penalty to be atoned for. Even nagging, teasing, yelling, derision, etc. become evil acts when you relish doing them without fair justification.
A person has, if he has given an oath to a high civil authority, to obey rules to defend and protect against enemies who seek to attack, harm or injure people within this civil authority. Having qualms of conscience is normal for many people because of their personal “do no harm” principle. Other people who have a personal principle of “do no harm unless someone threatens or does harm to that person or his kith, kin or neighbor”. The principal of self-preservation is natural to humans. Most of us would feel suffering when we carry out orders to inflict pain on enemies. However, those who relish the inflicting of pain with or without justification are committing personal evil acts. Their superiors are not; but they often are punished for these acts because of lack of oversight.
For people with the authority to inflict pain as a punishment, the principle of “let the punishment fit the crime” is common. Who is to be the judge of that? People have as a yardstick used in judging the fairness of the punishment attitudes, ranging from “spare the rod and spoil the child” to “spoil the rod and spare the child”. This makes it impossible to have a standard for inflicting punishment. Punishment can affect the spiritual, mental, emotional and physical well being of the ‘sinner’ as well as you. Great care needs to be taken in avoiding the sin of self-gratification, which reduces your real authority to punish.
There must always be the element of mercy to be used in your judgment of what punishment. Jesus bestowed Divine Mercy on one of the two thieves being crucified with Him, because this thief confessed to his guilt and ask Jesus for mercy. Jesus granted this thief Divine Mercy immediately. Our bodies are called temples of the Holy Spirit because He dwells in our soul which He created. Not only does He influence our conscience to guide as to whether an act we want to do or did is good or evil, He provides within our soul promptings to do good and avoid evil. This is expressed in the Lord’s Prayer” through the words “lead me not into temptation but deliver me from evil”. We get a lot of help and guidance to do good and avoid evil; but the bottom line is that we use our free will to ignore or obey.
Every one is personally responsible for heeding the judgments of their conscience. As to spiritual promptings to take an action, one has to discern whether their conscience approves or not. The reason is that Satan has, only God knows why, the power to infiltrate our being to prompt one to do evil. Satan has the power to deliver a rationale for one to consider, to convince us to do evil, as he did to Adam and Eve. Each one goes through life with this battle of good versus evil being waged in our soul. God will judge us on our choices. As our bodies are temples of the Holy Spirit, we have to respect the bodies of others as to their spiritual, mental, emotional and physical well-being.
Deliberately inflicting pain on another needs valid justification, otherwise it is an evil act. When we look at the world around us, we are bombarded by pictures and stories of man inflicting pain. We are appalled and sickened by these visual and mental images. Many of us have relatives and friends being the receivers or inflictors of pain. We often are so incensed that we want strike out in anger at others. Sometimes we get obsessed to the point that we actually inflict pain on others. Others take a spiritual attitude and offer prayers and their sufferings to God as their atonement for the crimes of others. Many are appalled at war deaths; but much less appalled about deaths due to drugs, alcohol, smoking which results in many, many more deaths than war.
Perspective and balance is needed in our making judgments. A historical view of God’s and man’s infliction of pain shows that God’s infliction of pain is harsher than ours. So what can we do? Do we just wring our hands, moan and groan? What we need to do is to treat others within our ambit with justice tempered with mercy. Within the Commandment of Love, “Thou shalt love the Lord …. and your neighbor as yourself” we have an obligation to our neighbor to perform corporal and spiritual works of mercy. We are also obliged our selves to act in accordance with the “beatitudes” given to us by Christ.
Submitted by Paul D Kearns
Responses to: cispkearns@aol.com
June 18, 2007 © modified 09/09/08